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Naturalization

Naturalization turns a residence permit into a passport: US N-400 checks, residency years in the EU, Bulgarian citizenship interviews and Latin American timelines.

37 articles tagged Naturalization

Articles tagged “Naturalization”

How naturalization works

Naturalization usually requires years of lawful residence, knowledge of the language and civics, and good character, including no unpaid debts to the state. In the US the application is Form N-400, generally filed five years after getting a green card, or three if married to and living with a US citizen.

Applicants also sit an English and civics test, and many EU countries have been lengthening their residence requirements.

The US interview includes an English test and a civics test, and an updated version of the civics test has been used since 2025. An applicant becomes a citizen only after taking the Oath of Allegiance at a ceremony. A denial can be appealed with Form N-336 or followed by a new application later. European countries often add a language exam at B1 level or higher and an integration test, and some require giving up the previous nationality.