Spain’s Digital Nomad Visa is open not only to developers and designers. The law does not set a closed list of professions — what matters is that the main work is performed remotely using a computer and internet. A marketer, translator, architect, recruiter, or financial analyst can get the visa if their duties truly allow remote work.

The Profession Criterion: Work Format, Not Job Title

Spanish law does not contain a list of eligible specialties. Instead, the format of the activity is assessed: the main functions must be performed remotely using computer, telematic, and telecommunications tools.

A designer creates digital materials, a marketer runs advertising campaigns for foreign clients, a translator works with documents and texts, a teacher conducts online classes. Similarly, specialists in analytics, consulting, finance, recruitment, and project management qualify, provided their main duties are genuinely performed remotely.

The same profession may or may not qualify depending on the case. An architect who handles design and documentation remotely is in a different situation than a colleague who must regularly inspect construction sites. A recruiter conducting interviews via video call differs from a specialist whose job requires constant in-person meetings.

Three Groups of Professions by Degree of Remoteness

Professions considered in the context of the Digital Nomad Visa can be roughly divided into three categories.

The first group — activities inherently tied to digital channels: development, design, marketing, analytics.

The second group — professions where a significant part of the tasks is done remotely, but certain functions may require presence: architecture, sales, project management, some types of consulting.

The third group — work whose outcome directly depends on physical presence: manufacturing, equipment maintenance, medical services. The more mandatory physical functions a position includes, the harder it is to prove its compliance with international remote work requirements.

Main Criteria for the Digital Nomad Visa

  • Work formatmain functions performed remotelyvia computer and internet
  • Employment relationshipwith a foreign companyminimum 3 months at time of application
  • Company track recordat least 1 yearmust conduct real business activity
  • Qualificationdegree or experienceminimum 3 years of experience instead of a degree
  • Income~34,000 euros/year200% of minimum wage

Employment Relationship and Experience

A suitable profession is only one of the criteria. Applicants must confirm an employment or professional relationship with one or more foreign companies existing for at least three months prior to application. The company the applicant is connected to must have conducted real and continuous business for at least one year.

Another criterion is professional qualification. The applicant must have relevant or professional education, or confirm at least three years of professional experience. The absence of a university degree does not by itself exclude the possibility of obtaining Spanish residency if the required experience can be documented.

Income Level and Its Connection to the Profession

For the main applicant, the requirement is set at 200% of the minimum wage, which amounts to about 34,000 euros per year.

Income and profession cannot be considered separately. A specialist may have a job that fits the remote work format but does not meet the financial requirements. The reverse is also possible: a high income does not replace the need to prove that the professional activity is genuinely performed remotely and meets the program’s requirements.